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2025 Reliable SPI–100% Free Latest Exam Pdf | Latest Sonography Principles and Instrumentation Braindumps Files

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ARDMS SPI Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic
Details

Topic 1

Apply Doppler Concepts: It discusses Doppler wall filter concepts, Doppler sample gate concepts, y color priority over gray scale concepts, and concepts related to color Doppler map. Furthermore, it discusses concepts to eliminate aliasing, continuous wave Doppler concepts, and color Doppler scale concepts.

Topic 2

Perform Ultrasound Examinations: This topic discusses patient care, sonographic ergonomic techniques, echogenicity, reverberation, and potential bioeffects. It also discusses beam steering concepts, panoramic imaging, 3D
4D concepts, and contrast imaging concepts.

Topic 3

Optimize Sonographic Images: The topic focuses on optimization of axial resolution concepts, optimization of lateral resolution concepts, optimization of elevational resolution concepts, optimization of temporal resolution concepts, and magnification techniques.

Topic 4

Manage Ultrasound Transducers: It delves into 2D array transducer concepts, 3D
4D transducer concepts, and nonimaging transducer concepts.

Topic 5

Provide Clinical Safety & Quality Assurance: This topic covers universal infection control protocols, QA check on ultrasound machine, transducer integrity, ultrasound machine integrity, and statistical parameter concepts.

ARDMS Sonography Principles and Instrumentation Sample Questions (Q91-Q96):

NEW QUESTION # 91
What information does the ultrasound system calculate to display color flow?

A. Peak Doppler frequency
B. Peak velocity of flow
C. Minimum velocity of flow
D. Mean Doppler frequency

Answer: D

Explanation:
Color flow Doppler imaging displays the mean Doppler frequency shift, which represents the average velocity of blood flow within a sample volume. The ultrasound system uses autocorrelation to process Doppler signals and compute the mean frequency shift. This provides a color-coded map of blood flow velocities, allowing for visualization of flow direction and speed. The mean Doppler frequency is displayed as different colors, with each color representing a range of velocities.
Reference:
ARDMS Sonography Principles & Instrumentation Guidelines
Kremkau FW. Sonography Principles and Instruments. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016.

NEW QUESTION # 92
If the speed of sound in a medium is less than the average speed of sound in soft tissue, where will the echo be placed on an image?

A. Too deep
B. Laterally
C. Not visualized
D. Too shallow

Answer: A

Explanation:
The placement of an echo on an ultrasound image is dependent on the assumption that the speed of sound in soft tissue is 1540 m/s. If the speed of sound in the medium is less than this assumed speed, the ultrasound system will interpret the returning echo as taking longer to return than it actually does. This causes the system to place the echo deeper in the image than its actual position. Therefore, the echo will be displayed "too deep" in the image.
Reference:
ARDMS Sonography Principles & Instrumentation Guidelines
Kremkau FW. Sonography Principles and Instruments. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016.

NEW QUESTION # 93
Which machine setting could cause aliasing to occur?

A. Doppler scale too high
B. Doppler gain too low
C. Doppler gain too high
D. Doppler scale too low

Answer: D

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Aliasing occurs when the Doppler shift exceeds the Nyquist limit, which is directly tied to pulse repetition frequency (PRF), represented on the machine as Doppler scale. A Doppler scale set too low reduces the Nyquist limit, making aliasing more likely.
According to sonography instrumentation reference:
"Aliasing occurs when Doppler scale (PRF) is set too low relative to the measured velocities, causing signal wrap-around." Therefore, the correct answer is B: Doppler scale too low.
-

NEW QUESTION # 94
Which pulsed-wave Doppler adjustment would be appropriate to correct the aliasing seen in this image?

A. Decrease the Doppler pulse repetition frequency.
B. Increase the Doppler pulse repetition frequency.
C. Increase the spectral Doppler gain.
D. Decrease the spectral Doppler gain.

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Aliasing occurs in pulsed-wave Doppler imaging when the Doppler shift frequency exceeds the Nyquist limit (which is half the pulse repetition frequency, PRF). This results in a wrap-around of the Doppler signal, which appears as a reversal of flow direction (aliasing artifact).
According to standard Principles and Instrumentation references in sonography:
"To eliminate aliasing, the Doppler PRF (scale) should be increased. Increasing the PRF raises the Nyquist limit and therefore allows for higher measurable velocities without aliasing." The correct adjustment to correct this aliasing artifact isC: Increase the Doppler pulse repetition frequency.
This effectively increases the Nyquist limit and resolves the wrap-around aliasing appearance.
Options A and B (adjusting the spectral Doppler gain) would only change the appearance of the Doppler waveform (i.e., its amplitude and brightness) but would not affect aliasing. Option D (decreasing the PRF) would actually worsen the aliasing by lowering the Nyquist limit.
Therefore, the correct choice is toincrease the Doppler PRF.

NEW QUESTION # 95
What is the primary factor that improves lateral resolution?

A. Beamwidth
B. Propagation speed
C. Frequency
D. Frame rate

Answer: A

Explanation:
Lateral resolution refers to the ability of the ultrasound system to distinguish two structures that are side by side, perpendicular to the direction of the sound beam. This resolution is primarily improved by reducing the beamwidth. A narrower beamwidth allows for better differentiation between adjacent structures, enhancing the lateral resolution. Higher frequency transducers can also help achieve a narrower beamwidth, but beamwidth is the primary factor.
Reference:
ARDMS Sonography Principles & Instrumentation Guidelines
Hagen-Ansert SL. Textbook of Diagnostic Ultrasonography. 8th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2017.

NEW QUESTION # 96
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