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CTFL4 Exam Flashcards, CTFL4 Reliable Learning Materials

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The ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level CTFL 4.0 (CTFL4) practice test is being offered in three different formats. These BCS CTFL4 exam questions formats are PDF dumps files, web-based practice test software, and desktop practice test software. All these BCS CTFL4 Exam Dumps formats contain real, updated, and error-free ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level CTFL 4.0 (CTFL4) exam questions that prepare you for the final CTFL4 exam.

BCS CTFL4 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic
Details

Topic 1

Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle: This topic explains how testing is incorporated into different development approaches. It also focuses on the concepts of test-first approaches.

Topic 2

Test Analysis and Design: It focuses on black-box and the collaboration-based test approach.

Topic 3

Test Tools: The topic discusses classification of tools. It also focuses on the risks and benefits of test automation.

BCS ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level CTFL 4.0 Sample Questions (Q153-Q158):

NEW QUESTION # 153
Which of the following statements about estimation of the test effort is WRONG?

A. Once the test effort is estimated, resources can be identified and a schedule can be drawn up.
B. Effort estimate depends on the budget of the project.
C. Effort estimate can be inaccurate because the quality of the product under tests is not known.
D. Experience based estimation is one of the estimation techniques.

Answer: B

Explanation:
Effort estimate does not depend on the budget of the project, but rather on the scope, complexity, and quality of the software product and the testing activities1. Budget is a constraint that may affect the feasibility and accuracy of the effort estimate, but it is not a factor that determines the effort estimate. Effort estimate is the amount of work required to complete the testing activities, measured in terms of person-hours, person-days, or person-months2.
The other options are correct because:
A . Once the test effort is estimated, resources can be identified and a schedule can be drawn up, as they are interrelated aspects of the test planning process3. Resources are the people, tools, equipment, and facilities needed to perform the testing activities4. Schedule is the time frame and sequence of the testing activities, aligned with the project milestones and deadlines5.
B . Effort estimate can be inaccurate because the quality of the product under tests is not known, as it affects the number and severity of the defects that may be found and the rework that may be needed to fix them6. Quality is the degree to which the software product satisfies the specified requirements and meets the needs and expectations of the users and clients7.
D . Experience based estimation is one of the estimation techniques, which relies on the judgment and expertise of the testers and other project stakeholders to estimate the test effort based on similar projects or tasks done in the past. Experience based estimation can be useful when there is a lack of historical data, formal methods, or detailed information about the software product and the testing activities.
Reference =
1 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 154
2 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 155
3 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 156
4 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 157
5 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 158
6 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 159
7 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 16
[8] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 160
[9] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 161

NEW QUESTION # 154
Use Scenario 1 "Happy Tomatoes" (from the previous question).
Using theBoundary Value Analysis (BVA)technique (in its two-point variant), identify the set of input values that provides the HIGHEST coverage.

A. {6,7,8,21,22,29,31}
B. {7,8,22,23,29,30}
C. {7,8,21,22,29,30}
D. {6,7,21,22,29,30}

Answer: C

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:Boundary Value Analysis (BVA)focuses on test cases at the edges of partitions because defects often occur at boundaries. The temperature ranges are:
* #7 (Too cold # W)
* [8-21] (Standstill # X)
* [22-29] (Ideal # Y)
* #30 (Too hot # Z)
Atwo-point BVAmeans testing both thelower and upper boundary valuesof each partition.The correct selection{7,8,21,22,29,30}includes:
* 7 # Boundary of Too Cold (W)
* 8 # Lower boundary of Standstill (X)
* 21 # Upper boundary of Standstill (X)
* 22 # Lower boundary of Ideal (Y)
* 29 # Upper boundary of Ideal (Y)
* 30 # Lower boundary of Too Hot (Z)
This ensures maximum boundary coverage.

NEW QUESTION # 155
During component testing of a program if 100% decision coverage is achieved, which of the following coverage criteria is also guaranteed to be 100%?

A. 100% Statement coverage
B. 100% Equivalence class coverage
C. 100% Boundary value coverage
D. 100% Stale transition coverage

Answer: A

Explanation:
Statement coverage is a structural coverage metric that measures the percentage of executable statements in the source code that are executed by a test suite1. Decision coverage is another structural coverage metric that measures the percentage of decision outcomes (such as branches or conditions) in the source code that are executed by a test suite1. Decision coverage is a stronger metric than statement coverage, because it requires that every possible outcome of each decision is tested, while statement coverage only requires that every statement is executed at least once2. Therefore, if a test suite achieves 100% decision coverage, it also implies that it achieves 100% statement coverage, because every statement in every branch or condition must have been executed. However, the converse is not true: 100% statement coverage does not guarantee 100% decision coverage, because some branches or conditions may have multiple outcomes that are not tested by the test suite2. For example, consider the following pseudocode:
if (x > 0) then print("Positive") else print("Non-positive") end if
A test suite that executes this code with x = 1 and x = -1 will achieve 100% statement coverage, because both print statements are executed. However, it will not achieve 100% decision coverage, because the condition x
> 0 has only been tested with two outcomes: true and false. The third possible outcome, x = 0, has not been tested by the test suite. Therefore, the test suite may miss a potential bug or error in the condition or the branch.
The other options, such as stale transition coverage, equivalence class coverage, and boundary value coverage, are not guaranteed to be 100% by achieving 100% decision coverage. Stale transition coverage is a structural coverage metric that measures the percentage of transitions between states in a state machine that are executed by a test suite3. Equivalence class coverage is a functional coverage metric that measures the percentage of equivalence classes (or partitions) of input or output values that are tested by a test suite4. Boundary value coverage is another functional coverage metric that measures the percentage of boundary values (or extreme values) of input or output ranges that are tested by a test suite4. These metrics are independent of decision coverage, because they are based on different aspects of the system under test, such as its behavior, functionality, or specification. Therefore, achieving 100% decision coverage does not imply achieving 100% of any of these metrics, and vice versa. References = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Test Coverage in Software Testing - Guru99, Structural Coverage Metrics - MATLAB & Simulink - MathWorks India, Test Design Coverage in Software Testing - GeeksforGeeks.

NEW QUESTION # 156
A new web app aims at offering a rich user experience. As a functional tester, you have run some functional tests to verify that, before releasing the app, such app works correctly on several mobile devices, all of which are listed as supported devices within the requirements specification. These tests were performed on stable and isolated test environments where you were the only user interacting with the application. All tests passed, but in some of those tests you observed the following issue: on some mobile devices only, the response time for two web pages containing images was extremely slow.
Based only on the given information, which of the following recommendation would you follow?

A. The issue is related to performance efficiency, not functionality. Thus, as a functional tester, you should not open any defect report as all the functional tests passed
B. You should not open any defect report as the problem is most likely due to poor hardware equipment on the devices where you observed the issue
C. You should open a defect report providing detailed information on which devices and by running which tests you observed the issue
D. You should not open any defect report and inform the test manager that the devices on which you observed the issue should no longer be supported so that they will be removed from the requirements specification

Answer: C

Explanation:
As a functional tester, you should open a defect report providing detailed information on which devices and by running which tests you observed the issue. A defect report is a document that records the occurrence, nature, and status of a defect detected during testing, and provides information for further investigation and resolution. A defect report should include relevant information such as the defect summary, the defect description, the defect severity, the defect priority, the defect status, the defect origin, the defect category, the defect reproduction steps, the defect screenshots, the defect attachments, etc. Opening a defect report is a good practice for any tester who finds a defect in the software system, regardless of the type or level of testing performed. The other options are not recommended, because:
* The issue is related to performance efficiency, not functionality, but that does not mean that as a functional tester, you should not open any defect report as all the functional tests passed. Performance efficiency is a quality characteristic that measures how well the software system performs its functions under stated conditions, such as the response time, the resource utilization, the throughput, etc.
Performance efficiency is an important aspect of the user experience, especially for web applications that run on different devices and networks. Even if the functional tests passed, meaning that the software system met the functional requirements, the performance issue observed on some devices could still affect the user satisfaction, the usability, the reliability, and the security of the software system. Therefore, as a functional tester, you have the responsibility to report the performance issue as a defect, and provide as much information as possible to help the developers or the performance testers to investigate and resolve it.

NEW QUESTION # 157
The tests at the bottom layer of the test pyramid:

A. cover larger pieces of functionalities than the tests at the top layer of the pyramid
B. are defined as 'Ul Tests' or 'End-To-End tests' in the different models of the pyramid
C. are unscripted tests produced by experience-based test techniques
D. run faster than the tests at the top layer of the pyramid

Answer: D

Explanation:
The tests at the bottom layer of the test pyramid run faster than the tests at the top layer of the pyramid because they are more focused, isolated, and atomic. They usuallytest individual units or components of the software system, such as classes, methods, or functions. They are also easier to maintain and execute, as they have fewer dependencies and interactions with other parts of the system. The tests at the top layer of the test pyramid, on the other hand, are slower because they cover larger pieces of functionalities, such as user interfaces, workflows, or end-to-end scenarios. They also have more dependencies and interactions with other systems, such as databases, networks, or external services. They are more complex and costly to maintain and execute, as they require more setup and teardown procedures, test data, and test environments. References:
ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 sources and documents:
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 3.2.1, Test Pyramid1
* ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, Test Pyramid2

NEW QUESTION # 158
......

Our ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level CTFL 4.0 CTFL4 questions PDF is a complete bundle of problems presenting the versatility and correlativity of questions observed in past exam papers. These questions are bundled into ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level CTFL 4.0 PDF questions following the official study guide. BCS CTFL4 PDF Questions are a portable, printable document that simultaneously plays on multiple devices. Our BCS CTFL4 PDF questions consists of problems in all aspects, whether theoretical, practical, or analytical.

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